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Definitions for: Mercury
[n] temperature measured by a mercury thermometer; "the mercury was falling rapidly"
[n] the smallest planet and the nearest to the sun
[n] (Roman mythology) messenger of Jupiter and god of commerce; counterpart of Greek Hermes
[n] a heavy silvery toxic univalent and bivalent metallic element; the only metal that is liquid at ordinary temperatures
Webster (1913) Definition: Mer"cu*ry, n. [L. Mercurius; akin to merx wares.]
1. (Rom. Myth.) A Latin god of commerce and gain; -- treated
by the poets as identical with the Greek Hermes, messenger
of the gods, conductor of souls to the lower world, and
god of eloquence.
2. (Chem.) A metallic element mostly obtained by reduction
from cinnabar, one of its ores. It is a heavy, opaque,
glistening liquid (commonly called quicksilver), and is
used in barometers, thermometers, ect. Specific gravity
13.6. Symbol Hg (Hydrargyrum). Atomic weight 199.8.
Mercury has a molecule which consists of only one atom. It
was named by the alchemists after the god Mercury, and
designated by his symbol, [mercury].
Note: Mercury forms alloys, called amalgams, with many
metals, and is thus used in applying tin foil to the
backs of mirrors, and in extracting gold and silver
from their ores. It is poisonous, and is used in
medicine in the free state as in blue pill, and in its
compounds as calomel, corrosive sublimate, etc. It is
the only metal which is liquid at ordinary
temperatures, and it solidifies at about -39[deg]
Centigrade to a soft, malleable, ductile metal.
3. (Astron.) One of the planets of the solar system, being
the one nearest the sun, from which its mean distance is
about 36,000,000 miles. Its period is 88 days, and its
diameter 3,000 miles.
4. A carrier of tidings; a newsboy; a messenger; hence, also,
a newspaper. --Sir J. Stephen. ``The monthly Mercuries.''
--Macaulay.
5. Sprightly or mercurial quality; spirit; mutability;
fickleness. [Obs.]
He was so full of mercury that he could not fix long
in any friendship, or to any design. --Bp. Burnet.
6. (Bot.) A plant (Mercurialis annua), of the Spurge
family, the leaves of which are sometimes used for
spinach, in Europe.
Note: The name is also applied, in the United States, to
certain climbing plants, some of which are poisonous to
the skin, esp. to the Rhus Toxicodendron, or poison
ivy.
Dog's mercury (Bot.), Mercurialis perennis, a perennial
plant differing from M. annua by having the leaves
sessile.
English mercury (Bot.), a kind of goosefoot formerly used
as a pot herb; -- called Good King Henry.
Horn mercury (Min.), a mineral chloride of mercury, having
a semitranslucent, hornlike appearance.
Mer"cu*ry, v. t.
To wash with a preparation of mercury. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
Synonyms: atomic number 80, Hg, hydrargyrum, quicksilver
See Also: calomel, cinnabar, inferior planet, mercurous chloride, metal, metallic element, Roman deity, solar system, temperature
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